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Table 3 Frequency distribution of putative SNPs and haplotypes of pfatpase6 gene in 226 P. falciparum isolates unexposed (<2007) and exposed (>2007) to ACT

From: Molecular assessment of atpase6 mutations associated with artemisinin resistance among unexposed and exposed Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates to artemisinin-based combination therapy

Gene

pfatpase6

Year

Total

Haplotype

L263E

E431K

A623E

S769N

<2007*

2007**

2008-2010***

n=226 (%)

n=35 (%)

n=49 (%)

n=142 (%)

LEAS

L

E

A

S

27 (77)

44 (89.8)

110 (77.5)

181 (80)

LK AS

L

K

A

S

8 (23)

4 (8.2)

25 (17.6)

37 (16.4)

LEA(SN)

L

E

A

SN

-

1 (2)

2 (1.4)

3 (1.3)

L(EK)AS

L

EK

A

S

-

-

3 (2.1)

3 (1.3)

LK A(SN)

L

K

A

SN

-

-

1 (0.7)

1 (0.5)

L(EK)A(SN)

L

EK

A

SN

-

-

1 (0.7)

1 (0.5)

  1. * Unexposed P. falciparum isolates to ACT.
  2. ** Exposed to ACT with high pressure.
  3. *** Exposed to ACT introduction of ACT as first-line anti-malarial therapy for 4 years.