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Table 1 Summary of different studies conducted in Cambodia to assess G6PD deficiency

From: G6PD deficiency in Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria-infected Cambodian patients

Authors - Journal - Date

Year

Targeted population

N

Method

Main findings

Comments

Goueffon et al., Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot., 1969 [23]

1966

?

  

G6PDd = 14.5%

No abstract available

Everett et al., Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 1977 [20]

1975

Healthy Khmer Air Force male troops

106

?

G6PDd = 14.1% for males (100% G6PD-Mahidol) - G6PD-Mahidol enzyme activities = 4% to 11% of G6PD normal levels

Primaquine trial (15 mg/day for 2 weeks)

Monchy et al., Med. Trop., 2004 [27]

2002

Children aged from 6 months to 5 years in Kandal province

151

G6PD assay activity (37°C)

G6PDd = 13.4% for males and 4.3% for females

G6PDd <2.4 U/gHb and G6PDi = 2.4-5.1 U/gHb

Louicharoen et al., J. Hum. Genet., 2005 [25]

2002

Migrant Cambodian labourers in Chanthaburi province, Thailand,

108

G6PD assay activity (37°C) and PCR-RFLP

G6PDd = 26.1% for males and 3.1% for females, G6PD-ViangChan = 82.4%, G6PD-Union = 3.0%, G6PD-Coimbra = 3.0%, Unkwon = 11.6%

G6PDd <1.5 U/gHb

2003

Cord blood samples newborns of Khmer-speaking mothers

107

G6PD assay activity (37°C)

Matsuoka et al., J. Hum. Genet., 2005 [26]

2003-2004

Battambang, Kampot, Phnom Penh and Rattanakiri provinces (13 sites)

670

G6PD Assay Kit (Dojindo Laboratories, Tokyo, Japan) and PCR-sequencing

G6PDd = 8.1% for males and 5.3% for females (in Khmer ethnic group, G6PDd = 12.6% for males and 13.8% for females; in Tum Pun group, G6PDd = 1.1% for males and in Cha Ray ethnic group, G6PDd = 3.2% for males), G6PD-ViangChan = 97.9%, G6PD-Union = 2.1%.

Divide into (1) full activity of G6PD, (2) partial deficiency group, and (3) complete deficiency group

Steenkeste et al., PhD thesis, 2009

2001

8 villages and 3 ethic groups (Tum Pun, n = 698; Jaray, n = 179; Brao, n = 237)

1116

PCR-sequencing (Exons 9–12)

100% G6PD-ViangChan. G6PDd = 4.3% (3.0% for males and 5.4% for females). G6PDd = 0.3% in Tum Pun group, 2.2% in Jaray and 17.7% in Brao).

 

Kim et al., PlosOne, 2011 [24]

2010

4 villages in Pailin province

903

G6PD assay activity (Trinity Biotech). G6PD RDT (Access Bio) and PCR-sequencing (all exons)

G6PDd = 10.7% (15.0% for males and 6.9% for females). Fully G6PDd = 1.2%, severe G6PDd = 5.6%, mild G6PDd = 11.0%, normal G6PD = 76.6% and increased G6PD = 5.6%. G6PD-ViangChan = 95.5%, G6PD-Canton = 1.5%, G6PD-Mahidol = 1.5% and G6PD-Valladolid = 1.5%.

fully G6PDd (WHO Class I) < 0.12 U/gHb, severe G6PDd (WHO Class II): >0.12-1.2 U/gHb, mild G6PDd (WHO Class III): >1.2-7.1 U/gHb, normal G6PD (WHO Class IV): >7.1-17.7 U/gHb, increased G6PD (WHO Class V) >17.7 U/gHb