Table 1 Baseline characteristics and clinical and parasitological outcomes in groups of patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria followed with sequential parasite genotyping during 7 days of artesunate monotherapy
Group A | Group B | Group C | Groups B + C | Group D | Overall study population | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Artemisinin “sensitive” | Slow parasite clearance | Recurrence | Artemisinin “resistant” | Remaining study cases | ||
Number of cases | 18 | 14 | 9 | 23 | 102 | 143 |
Age (y), median (IQR) | 25 (18-32) | 25 (21-31) | 22 (18-27) | 23 (20-31) | 25 (20-38) | 25 (20-35) |
Male:female, n (%) | 16:2 (89:11) | 13:1 (93:7) | 6:3 (67:33) | 19:4 (83:17) | 77:25 (75:25) | 112:31 (78:22) |
Parasitaemia (/uL), geometric mean (95%CI) | 6,698 (3,564-12,589) | 51,944 (28,540-94,542) | 22,209 (9,193-53,653) | 37,251 (22,776-60,926) | 11,527 (4,933-32,687) | 14,207 (4,891-37,778) |
Allocated daily AS monotherapy dose: 2 - 4 - 6 (mg/kg/day), n+ | 10 - 5 - 3 | 3 - 8 - 3 | 4 - 2 - 3 | 7 - 10 - 6 | 58 - 25 - 19 | 71 - 40 - 28 |
Parasite clearance time by microscopy (h), median (IQR) | 36 (30-42) | 108 (102-108) | 96 (84-96) | 102 (96-108) | 74 (66-84) | 78 (60-90) |
Parasite clearance rate* (/h), median (IQR) | 0.086 (0.059-0.11) | 0.036 (0.033-0.038) | 0.035 (0.030-0.041) | 0.036 (0.033-0.039) | 0.040 (0.034-0.047) | 0.040 (0.034-0.052) |
Parasitological outcome at D42, n (%) | ||||||
Cured | 18 (100) | 14 (100) | 1 (11)^ | 15 (65)^ | 96 (96) | 131 (92) |
Recrudescence** | 0 | 0 | 7 (67) | 7 (30) | 0 (0) | 7 (5) |
New Pf infection** | 0 | 0 | 1 (11) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 1(1) |
No outcome recorded | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 (4)+ | 4 (3) |
Gametocytes by microscopy, n (%) | ||||||
At baseline | 1 (6) | 1 (7) | 1 (11) | 2 (9) | 16 (16) | 19 (13) |
During week 1 | 3 (17) | 1 (7) | 1 (11) | 1 (4) | 26 (25) | 30 (21) |
Any time D0-42 | 3 (17) | 0 | 4 (44) | 4 (17) | 29 (28) | 36 (26) |