Skip to main content

Table 4 Comparison of the association between signs/symptoms and malaria infection in symptomatic pregnant women and their matched controls

From: Clinical signs and symptoms cannot reliably predict Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in pregnant women living in an area of high seasonal transmission

  

n/N (%)

OR (95% CI)

P value

Any symptom

No

158/400 (40)

Ref.

---

 

Yes

95/200 (49)

1.47 (1.05-2.07)

0.03

Fever

No

56/144 (39)

Ref.

---

Yes

38/72 (53)

1.76 (0.99-3.11)

0.05

History of fever

No

39/110 (35)

Ref.

 

Yes

27/55 (49)

1.76 (0.91-3.39)

0.09

Joint pain

No

14/48 (29)

1.23 (0.40 - 3.76)

0.71

Yes

6/24 (25)

ref

---

Headache

No

84/208 (40)

Ref.

 

Yes

53/104 (51)

1.53 (0.96-2.46)

0.08

Dizziness

No

39/76 (51)

1.17 (0.53-2.55)

0.69

Yes

18/38 (47)

Ref

---

Vomiting

No

9/16 (56)

2.14 (0.37-12.19)

0.39

Yes

3/8(37)

ref

 

Convulsions

No

0 (0)

-

 

Yes

1/3 (33)

-

 

Malaise

No

17/48 (35)

1.33 (0.46-3.84)

0.60

Yes

7/24 (29)

ref

 

Fever and

No

84/230 (37)

Ref.

 

history of fever

Yes

59/115 (51)

1.83 (1.16, 2.88)

0.01

Fever and

No

131/340 (39)

Ref.

 

history of fever and headache

Yes

86/170 (51)

1.63 (1.13, 2.37)

0.01