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Table 1 Kisumu susceptible and OCEAC Laboratory strains of Anopheles gambiae s.s. response to WHO susceptibility test.

From: Reduced bio-efficacy of permethrin EC impregnated bednets against an Anopheles gambiae strain with oxidase-based pyrethroid tolerance

Strains

Insecticides

No

TKd50(CI)

TKd95(CI)

Tkd50R (CI)

Mt

ST.

Kis.

4% DDT

100

18.8 (17.6–20.0)

28.7 (25.8–33.7)

--

100

S

 

1.0% permethrin

99

9.2 (8.6–9.7)

14.3 (13.2–16.0)

--

100

S

 

0.25% permethrin

100

12.4 (11.2–13.7)

28.8 (24.8–35.4)

--

94.1

T

 

0.05% deltamethrin

89

9.4 (8.4–10.2)

17.2 (15.6–20.0)

--

100

S

 

0.025% deltamethrin

100

8.9 (8.1–9.7)

19.7 (17.5–23.0)

--

100

S

 

0.2% cyfluthrin

120

8.6 (8.0–9.1)

15.5 (14.1–17.7)

--

100

S

OC-Lab.

4% DDT

100

9.9 (86.1–119.6)

268.9 (195.0–465.5)

5.2 (4.0–6.7)

26

R

 

1.0% permethrin

101

12.2 (11.5–12.8)

17.5 (16.3–19.5)

1.3 (0.9–1.7)

98.7

S

 

0.25% permethrin

125

45.7 (13.6–153.3)

109.2 (3.3–3593.0)

3.7 (0.6–22.9)

78.7

R

 

0.05% deltamethrin

100

16.8 (13.2–21.3)

36.2 (23.7–55.5)

1.8 (1.1–2.9)

100

S

 

0.025% deltamethrin

125

24.9 (23.6–26.5)

41.2 (37.5–46.9)

2.8 (2.3–3.4)

94.8

T

 

0.2% cyfluthrin

108

17.8 (12.7–24.8)

34.1 (32.5–37.3)

2.1 (1.3–2.9)

94.4

T

  1. Kis.: Kisumu strain, OC-Lab.: OCEAC Laboratory strain, No: Number of tested mosquitoes, Tkd50: knockdown time in minutes for 50% tested mosquitoes, Tkd95: knockdown time in minutes for 95% tested mosquitoes, CI: confidence interval at 95%, Tkd50 R: Tkd50 OC-Lab strain / Tkd50 Kisumu strain, Mt.: Mortality rate 24 h post exposure, ST: status, S: indicates susceptibility, T: suspects resistance to be confirmed (or tolerance), R: suggests resistance.