From: Outcome of life-threatening malaria in African children requiring endotracheal intubation
Indication/Variable | Patients No | Deaths (lethality %) | Crude Relative Risk § | 95% CI | P value | Adjusted Relative Risk § | 95% CI | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deep coma a | 16 | 2 (12.5) | 1 | 1 | ||||
Status epilepticus or decorticate rigidity b | 20 | 8 (40.0) | 3.2 | 0.8 – 13.0 | 0.07 | 5.7 | 1.2 – 27.1 | 0.03 |
Decerebrate rigidity c | 15 | 11 (73.3) | 5.9 | 1.5 – 22.2 | <0.001 | 10.7 | 2.3 – 49.5 | < 0.01 |
Acute lung injury d | 4 | 2 (50.0) | 4.0 | 0.8 – 20.3 | 0.16 | 3.6 | 0.5 – 25.8 | 0.20 |
Shock e | 15 | 14 (93.3) | 7.5 | 2.0 – 27.5 | <0.001 | 19.3 | 4.3 – 87.5 | <0.001 |
Thrombocytopaenia | ||||||||
≥ 100,000/mm3 | 26 | 9 (34.6) | 1 | 1 | ||||
< 100,000/mm3 | 42 | 27 (64.3) | 1.9 | 1.0 – 3.3 | 0.01 | 2.6 | 1.2 – 5.8 | 0.01 |
Second line anticonvulsants f | ||||||||
No | 36 | 25 (69.4) | 1 | 1 | ||||
Yes | 34 | 12 (35.3) | 0.5 | 0.3 – .8 | < 0.01 | 0.4 | 0.2 – 0.9 | 0.02 |
Respiratory distress g | ||||||||
No | 26 | 11 (42.3) | 1 | |||||
Yes | 44 | 26 (59.1) | 1.4 | 0.8 – 2.3 | 0.17 | |||
Jaundice h | ||||||||
No | 48 | 22 (45.8) | 1 | |||||
Yes | 22 | 15 (68.2) | 1.5 | 1.0 – 2.3 | 0.08 | |||
Hypoglycaemia i§ | ||||||||
No | 51 | 22 (43.1) | 1 | |||||
Yes | 19 | 15 (78.9) | 1.8 | 1.2 – 2.7 | < 0.01 | |||
Severe anaemia j | ||||||||
No | 55 | 26 (47.3) | 1 | |||||
Yes | 15 | 11 (73.3) | 1.5 | 1.0 – 2.3 | 0.07 | |||
Abnormal bleeding h | ||||||||
No | 62 | 30 (48.4) | 1 | |||||
Yes | 8 | 7 (87.5) | 1.8 | 1.2 – 2.6 | 0.06 | |||
Renal failure k | ||||||||
No | 68 | 35 (51.5) | 1 | |||||
Yes | 2 | 2 (100) | 1.9 | 1.5 – 2.5 | 0.49 | |||
Community-acquired infections l | ||||||||
No | 58 | 29 (50.0) | 1 | |||||
Yes | 12 | 8 (66.6) | 1.3 | 0.8 – 2.1 | 0.29 | |||
Malnutrition m | ||||||||
No | 44 | 28 (63.6) | 1 | |||||
Yes | 26 | 9 (34.6) | 0.5 | 0.3 – 1.0 | 0.02 | |||
Severe hyponatremia n | ||||||||
No | 62 | 31 (50.0) | 1 | |||||
Yes | 8 | 6 (75.0) | 1.5 | 0.9 – 2.4 | 0.18 |