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Table 3 Activity of esterases, glutathione S-transferases and monooxygenases in Anopheles culicifacies and Anopheles subpictus populations (n > 200 for each value)

From: Multiple insecticide resistance mechanisms involving metabolic changes and insensitive target sites selected in anopheline vectors of malaria in Sri Lanka

 

Anuradhapura

Kurunegala

Moneragala

Puttalam

Trincomalee

Ac

As

Ac

As

Ac

As

Ac

As

Ac

As

Est1

52

10

51

18

44

21

30

17

15

06

GST2

28

19

13

26

10

43

36

45

60

09

MO3

24

38

38

28

56

27

27

20

72

86

MCE4

+

+

-

++

+++

+++

+

+

+++

+++

  1. Ac = An. culicifacies
  2. As = An. subpictus
  3. 1. % population having esterase specific activity above 0.25 μmol/mg/min
  4. 2. % population having glutathione S-transferase specific activity above 0.40 μmol/mg/min
  5. 3. % population having monooxygenase levels above 0.35 equivalent units of cytochrome P450
  6. 4. malathion carboxylesterase activity as measured by malathion metabolism studies (see text for details)
  7. - no activity ++ – moderate +++ – high