Table 1 Laboratory infrastructure deficit origins and solutions (modified from [2])

Lack of laboratory consumables [M]

Emphasize importance of laboratory testing [C]

Lack of basic essential equipment [M]

Balance the allocation of financial resources [M]

Limited numbers of skilled personnel [C]

Establish system for laboratory accreditation [C]

Lack of educators and training programs [C]

Implement laboratory training programs [C]

Inadequate logistical support [M, C]

Routinely monitor test quality [M]

Insufficient monitoring of test quality [C, M]

Encourage public/private partnerships [C]

Decentralization of laboratory facilities [C]

Develop affordable, rapid diagnostic tests [M]

Lack of governmental standards [C]

Strengthen existing healthcare structure [M]