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Table 3 Univariate and multivariate associations with microscopically visible, polyclonal P. falciparum infections

From: Multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection following intermittent preventive treatment in infants

Parameter

No.

Mean MOI (median, range)

P

Multivariate analysisa

Polyclonal infections (%)

OR (95%CI)

P

Multivariate analysisb

    

b

SE

P

   

aOR (95%CI

P

Previous IPTi-SP

   No

142

2.38 (2, 1-6)

    

72.5

1

 

1

 

   Yes

135

2.42 (2, 1-5)

0.78

-0.05

0.22

0.82

74.8

1.12 (0.64-1.99)

0.67

0.93 (0.52-1.64)

0.79

Cohort

   Tamale

104

2.57 (2, 1-5)

    

78.8

1

 

1

 

   Afigya Sekyere

173

2.30 (2, 1-6)

0.07

-0.67

0.26

0.01

70.5

0.64 (0.35-1.18)

0.13

0.53 (0.28-1.03)

0.06

Current malaria episode

   No

114

2.21 (2, 1-6)

    

64.0

1

 

1

 

   Yes

163

2.53 (2, 1-5)

0.01

0.55

0.24

0.02

80.4

2.30 (1.29-4.11)

0.002

2.35 (1.27-4.32)

0.006

Parasite density (/μL)

   Log10

277

n.a.

0.049

0.24

0.13

0.07

n.a.

1.48 (1.08-2.03)

0.01

1.38 (0.99-1.94)

0.06

Prior malaria episodes

   None

72

2.50 (2, 1-5)

    

81.9

1

 

1

 

   Any

205

2.37 (2, 1-6)

0.30

-0.19

0.26

0.46

70.7

0.53 (0.26-1.09)

0.06

0.51 (0.25-1.05)c, d

0.07

Season

   Dry season

92

2.49 (2, 1-5)

    

79.3

1

 

1

 

   Rainy season

185

2.36 (2, 1-6)

0.32

-0.77

0.27

0.004

70.8

1.58 (0.84-3.01)

0.13

0.36 (0.18-0.72)

0.004

  1. a, multivariate results are derived from non-parametric ordinal regression analysis including all listed parameters. b, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) are derived from logistic regression models including all other listed parameters; SE, standard error; OR, odds ratio; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval; n.a., not applicable; c, exchanging with number of previous malaria episodes (0-7): aOR, 0.98, 95%CI, 0.81-1.19; P = 0.84. d, The proportion of polyclonal infections according to arbitrarily set time periods from last previous episode was: <8 weeks (n = 65), 76.9%; 8-16 weeks (n = 62), 72.6%; >16 weeks (n = 78), 64.1%. Exchanging this graded parameter with prior episodes per se yielded respective aORs (95%CIs) of 0.73 (0.30-1.78), 0.72 (0.29-1.76), and 0.32 (0.14-0.73).