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Table 2 The median (IQR) of physicochemical parameters in mosquito breeding habitats in Cape Coast

From: Larval ecology of Anopheles coluzzii in Cape Coast, Ghana: water quality, nature of habitat and implication for larval control

Water quality parameter

Type of breeding habitats*

Pool of water (APL habitat) (N = 20)

Choked gutters (APL habitat) (N = 5)

All APL habitats# (N = 72)

Culex only habitats# (N = 46)

Temp  °C

36.7 (35.6–37.9)

33.9 (33.3–34.4)

34.9a (33.4–37.1)

31b (29.5–32.4)

pH

7.6 (7.1–8.0)

8.8 (8.2–8.9)

8.1a (7.3–8.6)

7.3b (6.9–7.7)

DO mg/l

5.2 (3.1–6.8)

8.8 (8.5–11.5)

7.6a (4.6–8.8)

0.2a (0–0.8)

Sal ppt

0.87 (0.5–1.4)

0.94 (0.9–1.5)

0.8a (0.4–2.3)

0.6a (0.5–0.7)

SC µs/cm

1743 (977–2680)

1518 (1210–2668)

1452.5a (793–4209)

1052a (667–1439)

TDS mg/l

1134 (511–1742)

988 (953–1492)

952.9a (435–2371)

600a (521–979)

Res ohm–cm

466 (375–1055)

537 (394–546)

545.8a (226–1169)

729.2a (537–1010)

NH4+ mg/l§

3.4 (3–3.7)

16.5 (9.7–23.2)

3.3a (2.4–4.2)

35.7b (29.9–68.1)

NH3 mg/l§

0.5 (0.4–1.2)

3.2 (2.6–3.8)

0.6a (0.2–1.8)

0.9a (0.7–1.8)

  1. * APL habitats (Anopheles positive habitats) comprises habitats that were either being colonized by only Anopheles or both Anopheles and Culex species, whereas Culex only habitats were habitats that were colonized by only Culex species
  2. # Values in ‘All APL habitats’ and Culex only habitats for each water quality parameter sharing same letter are not significantly different; (IQR inter-quartile range, Temp temperature, DO dissolved oxygen, Sal salinity, SC specific conductivity, TDS total dissolved solids, Res resistivity, NH4 + ionized ammonia, NH3 non-ionized ammonia)
  3. § Ammonia ions were not measured in habitats that had salinity of 1 ppt or more
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Malaria Journal

ISSN: 1475-2875

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