Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum parasite by microsatellite markers after scale-up of insecticide-treated bed nets in western Kenya

Table 4 Genetic differentiation index (F_ST) for P. falciparum populations (a) in Asembo, Gem and Karemo areas, 2007 survey and, (b) in Asembo between 1996 and 2007, and 2001 and 2007 surveys

(a) Locus	Area1	Area2	F_ST	Levels of differentiation
Poly-α	Asembo	Gem	−0.003	Low
	Asembo	Karemo	0.001	Low
	Gem	Karemo	−0.004	Low
Pfg377	Asembo	Gem	−0.003	Low
	Asembo	Karemo	0.005	Low
	Gem	Karemo	−0.002	Low
PfPK2	Asembo	Gem	0.007	Low
	Asembo	Karemo	0.001	Low
	Gem	Karemo	0.009	Low
ADL	Asembo	Gem	0.003	Low
	Asembo	Karemo	0.001	Low
	Gem	Karemo	0.006	Low
EBP	Asembo	Gem	0.018	Low
	Asembo	Karemo	0.003	Low
	Gem	Karemo	0.002	Low
P195	Asembo	Gem	0.059	Moderate
	Asembo	Karemo	0.100	Moderate
	Gem	Karemo	0.133	Moderate
TAA60	Asembo	Gem	−0.006	Low
	Asembo	Karemo	−0.011	Low
	Gem	Karemo	−0.009	Low
TAA109	Asembo	Gem	0.032	Low
	Asembo	Karemo	0.022	Low
	Gem	Karemo	−0.002	Low
ALL	Asembo		0.021	Low
	Gem		0.021	Low
	Karemo		0.021	Low

(b) Locus	Survey year		F _ST	Levels of differentiation
Poly-α	1996	2007	0.005	Low
Poly-α	2001	2007	−0.006	Low
Pfg377	1996	2007	0.022	Low
Pfg377	2001	2007	0.022	Low
PfPK2	1996	2007	0.009	Low
PfPK2	2001	2007	−0.001	Low
ADL	1996	2007	0.006	Low
ADL	2001	2007	0.009	Low
EBP	1996	2007	0.007	Low
EBP	2001	2007	0.013	Low
P195	1996	2007	0.105	Moderate
P195	2001	2007	0.141	Moderate
TAA60	1996	2007	0.037	Low
TAA60	2001	2007	0.057	Moderate
TAA109	1996	2007	0.037	Low
TAA109	2001	2007	0.028	Low
Overall	1996	2007	0.026	Low
Overall	2001	2007	0.040	Low

Genetic differentiation index (F_ST) was assessed at each MS between (a) any two areas of Asembo, Gem and Karemo and (b) in Asembo between 1996, 2001 and 2007 surveys’ parasite populations. This was based on the null hypothesis that alleles are drawn from the same distribution in any of the parasite populations tested. The levels were defined as little-to-low F_ST (<0.05), moderate (≥0.05 to <0.15) and great differentiation (≥0.15) as described previously [37]
Moderate F_ST was highlighted in bold

ISSN: 1475-2875