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Table 2 Diagnostic accuracy of microscopy and RDTs using PCR as the gold standard

From: Estimating malaria parasite prevalence from community surveys in Uganda: a comparison of microscopy, rapid diagnostic tests and polymerase chain reaction

Study site

Year

Number tested

Number positive

Measures of diagnostics accuracy (95 % CI)

Sensitivity

Specificity

PPV

NPV

Microscopy

 Walukuba

2012

629

72

50.4 % (41.5–59.3 %)

98.6 % (97.1–99.4 %)

90.3 % (81.0–96.0 %)

88.5 % (85.6–91.0 %)

2013

535

52

48.5 % (38.6–58.6 %)

99.5 % (98.3–99.9 %)

96.2 % (86.8–99.5 %)

89.0 % (85.9–91.7 %)

 Kihihi

2012

787

92

45.8 % (38.4–53.4 %)

98.4 % (97.0–99.2 %)

89.1 % (80.9–94.7 %)

86.0 % (83.2–88.5 %)

2013

758

67

35.8 % (28.7–43.4 %)

99.3 % (98.2–99.8 %)

94.0 % (85.4–98.3 %)

83.6 % (80.7–86.3 %)

 Nagongera

2012

804

351

71.8 % (67.5–75.7 %)

99.1 % (97.3–99.8 %)

99.1 % (97.5–99.8 %)

69.8 % (65.3–74.0 %)

2013

920

381

60.3 % (56.3–64.1 %)

98.3 % (96.1–99.4 %)

98.7 % (97.0–99.6 %)

54.0 % (49.7–58.3 %)

RDT

 Walukuba

2012

629

124

77.5 % (69.3–84.4 %)

95.2 % (92.9–96.9 %)

80.6 % (72.6–87.2 %)

94.3 % (91.9–96.1 %)

2013

535

183

76.7 % (67.3–84.5 %)

75.9 % (71.6–79.9 %)

43.2 % (35.9–50.7 %)

93.2 % (90.0–95.6 %)

 Kihihi

2012

787

178

78.8 % (72.0–84.5 %)

93.9 % (91.7–95.7 %)

79.2 % (72.5–84.9 %)

93.8 % (91.5–95.5 %)

2013

758

311

85.8 % (79.7–90.6 %)

72.5 % (68.7–76.1 %)

48.6 % (42.9–54.3 %)

94.4 % (91.9–96.3 %)

 Nagongera

2012

804

444

79.4 % (75.5–82.9 %)

81.5 % (76.8–85.6 %)

86.7 % (83.2-89.7 %)

72.2 % (67.3–76.8 %)

2013

920

620

85.4 % (82.4– 88.1 %)

70.6 % (65.1–75.7 %)

86.0 % (83.0–88.6 %)

69.7 % (64.1–74.8 %)

  1. Sensitivity is the percentage of test results that are positive by both PCR and test of interest (RDT or Microscopy) divided total positive by PCR. Specificity is the percentage of test results that are negative by both PCR and test of interest (RDT or Microscopy) divided total negative by PCR