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Table 1 Sensitivity of PCR-based detection of bird blood and haemosporidian lineages in the same wild-caught blood-sucking dipteran insects

From: PCR detection of malaria parasites and related haemosporidians: the sensitive methodology in determining bird-biting insects

Dipteran insect family and species

No. examined

No. positive for bird blood

No. positive for parasites

Difference, P value

Parasite lineage

Mosquitoes Culicidae

 Ochlerotatus cantans

742

2 (0.27)a

8 (1.08)

0.113

pSGS1, pGRW11, hSISKIN1, hDELURB1, hSW1, hRB1, hRBS2

 Oc. cataphyla

240

1 (0.42)

3 (1.25)

0.616

hRBS2, hSFC1

 Oc. sticticus

90

0 (0)

1 (1.11)

0.316

hSISKIN1

 Total mosquitoes

1072

3 (0.28)

12 (1.12)

0.038

Eight lineages reported

Biting midges Ceratopogonidae

 Culicoides impunctatus

267

2 (0.75)

3 (1.12)

0.472

pSGS1, hTURDUS2, hSISKIN1

 C. punctatus

28

1 (3.57)

1 (3.57)

1.000

hTURDUS2

 C. pictipennis

5

0 (0)

1 (20.0)

0.292

hTURDUS2

 Total biting midges

300

3 (1.00)

5 (1.67)

0.722

Three lineages reported

Grand total

1372

6 (0.44)

17 (1.24)

0.036

Nine lineages reported

  1. aPercentage is given in parenthesis. Significant differences are given in italic font