From: Plasma levels of Galectin-9 reflect disease severity in malaria infection
Biomarkers | Day-0 (median) | Day-7 (median) | Day-28 (median) |
---|---|---|---|
Pro-inflammatory cytokines | |||
 IFN-α2 | 19.95 (2.980–173.9)a, **** | 11.92 (2.980–79.51)b ns | 8.87 (2.980–70.26)c, **** |
 IL-1α | 25.32 (2.77–69.02)a, ** | 10.28 (2.44–103.4)b ns | 9.63 (2.44–124.9)c, ** |
 TNF | 36.54 (3.91–185.5)**** | 10.72 (3.83–74.45)b ns | 9.035 (3.89–74.45)c, **** |
 IL-6 | 55.11 (4.240–1814)a ns | 7.57 (4.74–77.81)b ns | 11.51 (4.74–77.81)c, ** |
Th1-related cytokines | |||
 IFN-γ | 28.6 (3.44–616)a, **** | 10.3 (3.14–185.2)b ns | 9.2 (3.44–150)c, **** |
Regulatory cytokines | |||
 IL-10 | 549 (7.94–2321)a, **** | 72.66 (3.12–281.9)b, * | 20.54 (3.390–2576)c, **** |
 IL-1Ra | 109.8 (20.47–1897)a, **** | 31.85 (5.47–1358)b ns | 19.64 (3.68–595.4)c, **** |
 sCD40L | 851 (70.01–18,117)a, **** | 24,316 (96.21–297,336)b ns | 1762 (54.78–200,426)c, **** |
Growth cytokines | |||
 G-CSF | 65.85 (6.66–182)a, **** | 20.1 (5.38–197)b ns | 18.98 (3.93–132.9)c, **** |
 GM-CSF | 15.23 (4.420–180)a, * | 8.9 (3.810–95)b ns | 6.54 (3.090–85.38)c, **** |
 EGF | 13.72 (4.060–56.37)a, * | 23.6 (4.060–482.4) 8b ns | 42.17 (6.4–344)c, **** |
 FGF-2 | 37.05 (13.04–507)a ns | 35.51 (8.12–289.2)b, ** | 27.29 (4.59–171.8)c, **** |
 VEGF | 104.1 (23.5–2204)a ns | 99.74 (2.24–1754)b ns | 77.51 (18.07–3426)c ns |
 TGF-α | 4.69 (0.63–21.95)a, * | 4.02 (0.29–34.2)b ns | 3.18 (0.44–10.49)c, * |
Chemokines | |||
 IP-10 | 3036 (155–8700)a, **** | 671.8 (28.54–1354)b, * ns | 449 (110.2–6002)c, **** |
 MIP-1α | 25.11 (3.750–85.07)a ns | 12.11 (3.780–216)b ns | 9.675 (3.47–144.7)c ns |
 MIP-1β | 50.8 (13.23–199.8)a, **** | 24.78 (4.950–172.5)b ns | 25.42 (4.26–187.2)c, **** |
 MCP-1 | 591.1 (40.67–9148)a, **** | 228.2 (50.68–462.7)b, *** | 323.9 (52.06–1049)c, * |
 IL-8 | 35.15 (3.49–227.8)a, * | 19.82 (4.05–604)b ns | 10.46 (3.65–564)c, * |
 Eotaxin | 161.3 (21.35–1840)a ns | 109.4 (6.54–264.5)b ns | 122 (27.25–327)c ns |
 GRO | 684.6 (184.5–1701)a ns | 806.3 (288.8–2962)b ns | 799.3 (238.8–1902)c ns |
 Fractalkine | 77.84 (12.51–546.4)a, **** | 25.36 (5.97–533.2)b ns | 25.79 (2–340)c, **** |
 MDC | 284.2 (29.29–1049)a ns | 317.8 (64.74–1595)b, **** | 502.4 (75.40–801.5)c, **** |