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Table 3 Descriptive statistics of diagnostic accuracy of various biomarker measurements at presentation for the presence or subsequent development of acute kidney injury (AKI)

From: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) predicts the occurrence of malaria-induced acute kidney injury

Parameter and cut-off value

Sensitivity

Specificity

PPV

NPV

Youden index

AUROC

P value*

sCreatinine ≥ 128 µmol/L

0.83 (0.36–1.00)

0.97 (0.84–1.00)

0.83 (0.36–0.99)

0.97 (0.84–1.00)

0.80

0.85 (0.60–1.00)

 

sNGAL ≥ 168 ng/ml

1.00 (0.54–1.00)

0.88 (0.72–0.97)

0.60 (0.26–0.88)

1.00 (0.88–1.00)

0.88

0.98 (0.93–1.0)

0.389

uNGAL ≥ 308 ng/ml

1.00 (0.54–1.00)

1.00 (0.89–1.00)

1.00 (0.54–1.00)

1.00 (0.89–1.00)

1.00

1.00 (1.00–1.00)

0.299

uNGAL/sNGAL ≥ 1.9

0.83 (0.36–1.00)

0.97 (0.84–1.00)

0.83 (0.36–1.00)

0.96 (0.84–1.00)

0.80

0.95 (0.85–1.00)

0.544

uNGAL/uCreat ≥ 5.1 ng/mmol

1.00 (0.54–1.00)

0.88 (0.72–0.97)

0.60 (0.26–0.88)

1.00 (0.88–1.00)

0.88

0.98 (0.93–1.00)

0.390

uKIM-1 ≥ 1.83 ng/ml

1.00 (0.54–1.00)

0.72 (0.54–0.87)

0.40 (0.16–0.68)

1.00 (0.86–1.00)

0.72

0.87 (0.75–0.99)

0.919

uKIM-1 /uCreat ≤ 0.085 ng/mmol

1.00 (0.54–1.00)

0.58 (0.39–0.74)

0.30 (0.12–0.54)

1.00 (0.82–1.00)

0.58

0.76 (0.61–0.92)

0.810

  1. Data are given as mean (95 % confidence interval)
  2. Optimal cut-off values were determined using the Youden index
  3. PPV positive predictive value; NPV negative predictive value; AUROC area under the ROC curve
  4. * P values of pair-wise comparison of AUROCs are given (with creatinine ROC curve as comparator)