- Specific point mutations in Pfcrt and Pfmdr1 gene are linked to quinoline-based antimalarial resistance; PfK13 is the molecular markers for artemisinin resistance; mutation I258M and Y268F/S in PfCytB gene are linked to atovaquone resistance; mutations in Pfdhfr/Pfdhps genes are responsible for P. falciparum resistance to antifolate-cycloguanil