Fig. 1

Headspace volatiles of ZM-521 and BH-660 maize pollen attract gravid Anopheles arabiensis. Attraction preference of mosquitoes to headspace volatiles of the ZM-521 (a, b) and BH-660 (c, d) maize pollen compared to the controls, hexane (H, left) and headspace of breeding water (BW, right), in the two-port olfactometer. The headspace of the BH-660 maize pollen was significantly preferred over that of the ZM-521 (e). Controls (hexane vs hexane) are shown next to the dose response analyses as black squares (a–d). An attraction index of zero indicates preference to neither treatment nor control. Error bars denote standard error of the mean