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Table 5 Doppler velocimetry measurements and associations with measuring small for gestational age at delivery, low birth weight and placental infection on histology

From: Effects of Plasmodium falciparum infection on umbilical artery resistance and intrafetal blood flow distribution: a Doppler ultrasound study from Papua New Guinea

 

% (N)

OR (95% CI)

P

aOR (95% CI)*

P*

Small for gestational age (n = 50)b

 Umbilical artery resistance index >90th centile

12.0 (44/368)

1.3 (0.4–4.0)

0.65

1.2 (0.4–4.1)*

0.73

 Middle cerebral artery pulsatility index <10th centile

11.6 (34/293)

2.0 (0.7–5.4)

0.16

2.3 (0.8–6.1)

0.10

 Cerebroplacental Doppler ratio <10th centile

11.5 (28/243)

2.1 (0.8–6.0)

0.15

2.7 (1.0–7.7)

0.053

 Cerebroplacental Doppler ratio <1.0

11.5 (28/243)

1.4 (0.6–3.4)

0.48

3.3 (1.2–9.2)

0.024

Low birth weight (n = 67)c

 Umbilical artery resistance index >90th centile

16.6 (60/361)

1.3 (0.6–2.7)

0.52

1.3 (0.6–2.8)

0.56

 Middle cerebral artery pulsatility index <10th centile

17.8 (53/298)

1.9 (0.9–4.1)

0.08

2.0 (1.0–4.3)

0.07

 Cerebroplacental Doppler ratio <10th centile

17.8 (45/252)

2.8 (1.3–6.3)

0.011

2.5 (1.1–5.7)

0.033

 Cerebroplacental Doppler ratio <1.0

17.8 (45/252)

2.6 (1.3–4.9)

0.005

2.8 (1.3–6.0)

0.007

Placental malaria (n = 46)c

 Umbilical artery resistance index >90th centile

15.6 (44/281)

4.9 (2.3–10.7)

<0.001

5.1 (2.3–10.9)

<0.001

 Middle cerebral artery pulsatility index <10th centile

14.5 (34/234)

1.8 (0.7–5.1)

0.24

1.8 (0.6–5.0)

0.23

 Cerebroplacental Doppler ratio <10th centile

14.7 (29/197)

1.5 (0.5–5.0)

0.47

1.3 (0.4–4.6)

0.65

 Cerebroplacental Doppler ratio <1.0

14.7 (29/197)

1.8 (0.8–4.3)

0.16

1.8 (0.7–4.8)

0.26

  1. * Adjusted for fetal sex, gravidity and gestational age
  2. aN (%) represents the number of scans
  3. bN (%) represents the number of women