Table 2 Univariate associations between factors investigated for prevalence of Plasmodium infection by uPCR
Variable | Number | uPCR positive for Plasmodium | uPCR negative for Plasmodium | p value* | Odds ratioa | Adjusted odds ratiob |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number (%) | Number (%) | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | |||
Number | 1000 | 91 (9) | 909 (91) | Â | Â | Â |
Gender |  |  |  | <0.0001 | 3.3 (2.0–5.4) | 2.0 (1.2–3.4) |
 Male | 468 | 66 (14) | 402 (86) |  |  |  |
 Female | 532 | 25 (5) | 507 (95) |  |  |  |
Age groups (years) |  |  |  | 0.018 | 1.6 (1.1–2.6) | 2.1 (1.3–3.4) |
 18–30 | 443 | 51 (11.5) | 392 (88.5) |  |  |  |
 >30 | 557 | 40 (7.2) | 517 (92.8) |  |  |  |
Tympanic temperature (°C) |  |  |  | 0.365 | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.9 (0.4–1.9) |
≤37.5 | 883 | 83 (9) | 800 (91) |  |  |  |
≥37.5 | 117 | 8 (7) | 109 (93) |  |  |  |
Self-reported fever in previous 48 h |  |  |  | 0.255 | 0.6 (0.2–1.5) | 0.7 (0.3–1.8) |
 Fever | 87 | 5 (6) | 82 (94) |  |  |  |
 No fever | 913 | 86 (9) | 827 (91) |  |  |  |
Self-reported illness in the previous 48 h |  |  |  | 0.121 | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 0.9 (0.6–1.5) |
 Illness | 506 | 39 (8) | 467 (92) |  |  |  |
 No illness | 494 | 52 (11) | 442 (89) |  |  |  |
Self-reported history of ever having had malaria in past |  |  |  | <0.0001 | 5.3 (2.6–10.9) | 5.1 (2.5–10.7) |
 Yes | 654 | 82 (13) | 572 (87) |  |  |  |
 No | 346 | 9 (3) | 337 (97) |  |  |  |
Forest visit in the previous 3 months |  |  |  | <0.0001 | 4.1 (2.5–6.5) | 2.7 (1.6–4.8) |
 Yes | 156 | 35 (22) | 121 (78) |  |  |  |
 No | 844 | 56 (7) | 788 (93) |  |  |  |
Travel in the previous 3 months |  |  |  | 0.489 | 1.2 (0.7–1.9) | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) |
 Yes | 245 | 25 (10) | 220 (90) |  |  |  |
 No | 755 | 66 (9) | 689 (91) |  |  |  |
Bed net use |  |  |  | 0.004 | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | 0.8 (0.5–1.5) |
 Everyday | 849 | 68 (8) | 781 (92) |  |  |  |
 Sometimes or never | 151 | 23 (15) | 128 (85) |  |  |  |