Fig. 5

The effects of heat shock on the pyrethroid susceptibility of an insecticide susceptible Anopheles arabiensis strain. SENN is fully susceptible to λ-cyhalothrin and deltamethrin, but short-term heat shock resulted in a significant decrease in the mortality induced by these pyrethroids. Where low-level permethrin resistance exists, the effect is more marked. There was no significant difference in the reduction in permethrin- or λ-cyhalothrin-induced mortality after a 3-h heat shock at 37 °C or by a 39 °C shock for 1 h, both with a 1-h recovery period