Micro-heterogeneity of malaria transmission in the Peruvian Amazon: a baseline assessment underlying a population-based cohort study

Table 6 Univariate and multivariate risk factor analysis for P. vivax and P. falciparum infection in Cahuide (CAH)

	P. vivax by PCR									P. falciparum by PCR
	n	N	%	OR	OR [95% CI]		AOR	AOR [95% CI]		n	N	%	OR	OR [95% CI]		AOR	AOR [95% CI]
Gender
Female	19	471	4.0	Ref			Ref			12	471	2.5	Ref
Male	44	542	8.1	2.1	1.2	3.8	2.0*	1.1	3.6	14	542	2.6	1.0	0.5	2.3
Age (years)
<15	13	401	3.2	Ref			Ref			17	401	4.2	5.6*	1.3	24.8	5.5*	1.3	24.4
15–39	30	362	8.3	2.8*	1.4	5.5	2.8*	1.4	5.6	7	362	1.9	2.4	0.5	12.0	2.3	0.5	11.3
≥40	20	249	8.0	2.6*	1.2	5.5	2.4*	1.2	5.1	2	249	0.8	Ref			Ref
Time in village (years)
<2	17	237	7.2	Ref						5	237	2.1	Ref
2–9	26	448	5.8	0.8	0.4	1.7				15	448	3.3	1.6	0.5	4.6
≥10	20	328	6.1	0.9	0.4	1.9				6	328	1.8	0.8	0.2	2.8
Education
None	7	135	5.2	Ref						5	135	3.7	Ref
Incomplete primary	23	397	5.8	1.2	0.5	3.0				10	397	2.5	0.7	0.2	2.0
Complete primary	17	242	7.0	1.6	0.6	4.1				5	242	2.1	0.5	0.1	1.9
Secondary	16	237	6.8	1.5	0.6	3.9				6	237	2.5	0.7	0.2	2.2
Forest-related job
No	37	750	4.9	Ref			Ref			25	750	3.3	Ref
Yes (≤5 day/week)	4	38	10.5	1.6	0.8	3.1	1.1	0.3	3.3	0	183	0.0	NC
Yes (>5 day/week)	16	168	9.5	3.4*	1.6	7.2	1.1	0.6	2.3	1	79	1.3	0.4	0.1	3.4
Trip previous month
No	61	969	6.3	Ref						26	969	2.7	Ref
Yes	2	44	4.5	0.7	0.2	3.2				0	44	0.0	NC
Malaria episodes (previous 12 months)
0	31	499	6.2	Ref						16	499	3.2	Ref
≥1 episodes	32	512	6.3	1.0	0.6	1.7				10	512	2.0	0.6	0.3	1.3
Overcrowding (>3 persons/bedroom)
No	23	425	5.4	Ref						14	425	3.3	Ref
Yes	40	588	6.8	1.3	0.7	2.3				12	588	2.0	0.6	0.3	1.4
Bednet coverage, %
≥80	60	985	6.1	Ref						26	985	2.6	Ref
<80	3	28	10.7	2.1	0.5	8.8				0	28	0.0	NC
Roof material
Calamine	14	144	9.7	Ref						7	144	4.9	Ref
Palm	49	865	5.7	0.6	0.3	1.1				19	865	2.2	0.4	0.2	1.1
Floor material
Cement	9	122	7.4	Ref						6	122	4.9	Ref
Wood	32	590	5.4	0.7	0.3	1.6				14	590	2.4	0.5	0.2	1.3
Dirt	22	301	7.3	1.0	0.4	2.5				6	301	2.0	0.4	0.1	1.3
Electricity
Yes	26	560	4.6	Ref			Ref			20	560	3.6	2.7	1.1	7.1	2.8	1.1	7.4
No	37	453	8.2	1.9*	1.0	3.3	1.9	1.1	3.4	6	453	1.3	Ref			Ref

ISSN: 1475-2875