From: Malaria knowledge and bed net use in three transmission settings in southern Africa
 | Choma District | Nchelenge District | Mutasa District |
---|---|---|---|
Location | Southern Province, Zambia | Luapula Province, Zambia | Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe |
Geographical position | 16° 23.583′S, 26° 47.433′E | 9° 19.115′S, 28° 45.070′E | 18° 23.161′S, 32° 59.946′E |
Average elevation above sea level (m) | 1100 | 807 | 912 |
Seasons | Rainy: November–April Cool dry: May–July Hot dry: August–October | Rainy: November–April Cool dry: May–August Hot dry: September–October | Rainy: November–April Cool dry: May–July Hot dry: August–October |
Malaria transmission | Seasonal but low (pre-elimination) | Intense with little or no seasonal fluctuations | Seasonal, unstable and epidemic in nature; decreased over past 3Â years following IRS |
Primary mosquito vector | Anopheles arabiensis | Anopheles funestus and Anopheles gambiae | Anopheles funestus |
Malaria control phase | Successful malaria control | Ineffective malaria control | Resurgent malaria after previous control; again decreasing |
Current malaria control interventions | Insecticide-treated bed nets and reactive screen and treat. Indoor residual spraying and mass drug administration at a limited scale | Insecticide-treated bed nets, indoor residual spraying and case management with artemisinin-based combination therapy | Insecticide-treated bed nets, indoor residual spraying and case management with artemisinin-based combination therapy |
Estimated population | 205,000 | 148,000 | 180,000 |
Main economic activity | Cattle herding and subsistence farming | Subsistence farming and fishing | Subsistence and commercial farming |