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Table 3 Odds ratios for association between exposure variables and recent Plasmodium vivax exposure by serology, adjusted for age and sex only

From: Micro-epidemiology of malaria in an elimination setting in Central Vietnam

Variable

n recently exposed (%)

OR

(95% CI)

p

Age

38.7

(16.33)

1.02

(0.99–1.04)

0.27

Sex

    

0.05

 Male

7

(10.61)

1

  

 Female

17

(22.97)

2.6

(0.99–6.78)

 

Drinks in hamlet in evening

    

0.93

 No

14

(15.91)

1

  

 Yes

10

(19.23)

1.05

(0.39–2.82)

 

Frequency of evening drinking in hamlet

    

0.4

 Daily

4

(21.05)

1.71

(0.49–6.03)

 

 Less than daily

20

(16.67)

1

  

Evening TV watching

    

0.16

 Does not watch TV

12

(14.12)

1

  

 Watches TV at home

3

(12.5)

0.84

(0.21–3.41)

 

 Watches TV in another house

9

(29.03)

2.59

(0.91–7.38)

 

Uses bed net in hamlet house

    

0.4

 Never

2

(50)

1

  

 Sometimes

3

(10.71)

0.19

(0.02–2.13)

 

 Always

19

(18.27)

0.3

(0.04–2.45)

 

Condition of bed net in hamlet house

    

0.18

 No bed net

0

(0)

   

 Bed net with holes

7

(12.96)

1

  

 Bed net without holes

17

(20.73)

1.97

(0.73–5.34)

 

Number of children in household

2.17

(1.52)

0.73

(0.55–0.96)

0.025

Household bed net ratio

    

0.84

 1–2 people per net

8

(19.05)

1

  

 > 2 people per net

16

(17.2)

0.9

(0.35–2.36)

 

Other P. vivax seropositive household member

    

0.9

 No

16

(16.84)

1

  

 Yes

8

(17.78)

0.94

(0.36–2.44)

 

Hamlet house structure

    

0.11

 On ground

11

(23.91)

1

  

 On stilts

36

(10.53)

0.27

(0.09–0.81)

 

Stays overnight at farm

    

0.32

 No

11

(14.47)

1

  

 Yes

13

(20.31)

1.58

(0.64–3.92)

 

Duration of stay at farm

    

0.55

 Does not stay

11

(14.47)

1

  

 Stays up to 1 week

10

(20)

1.48

(0.57–3.89)

 

 Stays more than 1 week

3

(21.43)

2.06

(0.47–9.10)

 

Drinks in evening at farm

    

0.61

 Does not stay at farms

11

(14.47)

1

  

 Yes

5

(20.83)

1.61

(0.49–5.36)

 

 No

8

(20)

1.57

(0.56–4.39)

 

Uses net at farm

    

0.09

 Does not stay at farms

11

(14.47)

1

  

 Yes

10

(16.95)

1.27

(0.49–3.3)

 

 No

3

(60)

8.96

(1.27–63.27)

 

Farm bed net condition

    

0.18

 Does not stay at farms

11

(14.47)

1

  

 No bed net

3

(60)

8.96

(1.27–63.32)

 

 Bed net with holes

6

(16.67)

1.3

(0.43–3.95)

 

 Bed net without holes

4

(17.39)

1.22

(0.34–4.39)

 

Goes to forest in the evening

    

0.61

 No

10

(15.38)

1

  

 Yes

14

(18.67)

1.31

(0.47–3.6)

 

Goes logging in the evening

    

0.11

 No

22

(16.42)

1

  

 Yes

2

(33.33)

4.69

(0.72–30.63)

 

Collects firewood in the evening

    

0.54

 No

21

(16.54)

1

  

 Yes

3

(23.08)

1.55

(0.38–6.28)

 

Goes hunting in the evening

    

0.68

 No

20

(20.62)

1

  

 Yes

4

(9.3)

0.71

(0.14–3.53)

 

Collects forest food in the evening

    

0.86

 No

19

(17.43)

1

  

 Yes

5

(16.13)

0.91

(0.3–2.74)

 

Goes fishing in the evening

    

0.21

 No

20

(16.53)

1

  

 Yes

4

(21.05)

2.36

(0.62–8.95)

 

MAPARES cohort participation

    

0.44

 Partial

12

(14.12)

1

  

 Full

12

(21.82)

1.44

(0.57–3.65)

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