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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants presenting with uncomplicated and severe malaria a

From: Chitinase 3-like 1 is induced by Plasmodium falciparum malaria and predicts outcome of cerebral malaria and severe malarial anaemia in a case–control study of African children

Characteristic

UMb(n = 53)

CMc(n = 44)

SMA (n = 59)

Pooled severe malaria

    

Survivors (n = 80)

Fatalities (n = 23)

Gender (% female)

45.3

52.3

49.2

46.3

65.2§§

Age (years)

4.4 (2.1, 8.1)

3.0 (1.5, 4.3)

1.3 (0.9, 2.0)***###

1.6 (1.0, 3.1)

1.9 (1.2, 3.3)

Days reported ill prior to presentation

3 (2, 4)

3 (2, 4)

4 (3, 5)***#

3 (3, 4)

3 (2, 7)

Parasitaemia (parasites/μL)

3.8 × 104 (1.6 × 104, 1.2 × 105)

9.8 × 104 (1.5 × 104, 2.7 × 105)

2.6 × 104 (7.4 × 103, 1.2 × 105)#

3.7 × 104 (7.5 × 103, 1.5 × 105)

1.6 × 105 (2.2 × 104, 3.9 × 105)§

Fatal cases

0

14

9

0

23

  1. aTable reproduced from the previous study of this population (published in open access journal) [29]. Variables are presented as median (interquartile range). Groups were compared using the Mann Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post-hoc tests (continuous variables) or Chi-square test (categorical variables). bUM, uncomplicated malaria; CM, cerebral malaria; SMA, severe malaria anaemia. c6 children with concurrent CM and SMA were included in the CM group. 5 children with SMA exhibited decreased consciousness but did not meet criteria for CM. ***p < 0.001 CM or SMA vs. UM. #p < 0.05, ###p < 0.001 SMA vs. CM. §p < 0.05, §§p < 0.01 fatalities vs. survivors.