The implication of dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthetase gene mutations in modification of Plasmodium falciparum characteristics

Table 1 The frequency of the different dhfr/dhps multiple mutations (multiplicity of mutations, MOM), in parasite infections obtained from patients with different treatment outcome, ACR and TF, following SP and CQ therapy, and the overall prevalence rate of MOM and the corresponding mutation/TF ratio.

Multiplicity of mutation (MOM)	Frequency of cumulative MOM			Overall prevalence of cumulative MOM		Mutation/TF ratio (GRI)
	ACR (n,78)	TF (n,75)	P-value Chi-Square	measured N₁ = 153	calculated N₂ = 231
Null (wild)	0.038 (3)	0.013 (1)	0.640	2.6% (4)	03% (7)
Single	0.962 (75)	0.987 (74)	0.640	97.4% (149)	97.0% (224)	2.74
Double	0.910 (71)	0.973 (73)	0.189	94.1% (144)	93.1% (215)	2.63
Triple	0.846 (66)	0.907 (68)	0.374	87.6% (134)	86.6% (200)	2.45
Quadruple	0.679 (53)	0.800 (60)	0.131	73.9% (113)	71.9% (166)	2.03
Quintuple	0.103 (8)	0.160 (12)	0.416	13.1% (20)	12.1% (28)	<1

ACR, adequate clinical response; TF, treatment failure; MOM, multiplicity of mutations; Mutation/TF ratio = prevalence of MOM (calculated)/TF rate (35.4)]. N₁, number of genotyped samples; N₂, total number of samples; GRI, genotype-resistance index

ISSN: 1475-2875