From: Non-falciparum malaria infections in pregnant women in West Africa
Risk factor | Crude OR (95 % CI) | p value | Adjusted OR (95 % CI) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Country | ||||
Ghana | [Reference] | – | [Reference] | – |
Burkina Faso | 0.74 (0.22, 2.46) | 0.627 | 0.53 (0.14, 2.03) | 0.353 |
Gambia | 0.08 (0.01, 0.69) | 0.021 | 0.10 (0.01, 0.88) | 0.038 |
Mali | 2.52 (1.01, 6.28) | 0.047 | 6.54 (1.79, 23.9) | 0.005 |
Gravidity | ||||
Primigravid | [Reference] | – | [Reference] | – |
Secundigravid | 0.85 (0.42, 1.69) | 0.639 | 0.71 (0.33, 1.54) | 0.386 |
Gestational age | ||||
<20 weeks | [Reference] | – | [Reference] | – |
20–24 weeks | 1.51 (0.70, 3.23) | 0.290 | 1.92 (0.85, 4.31) | 0.115 |
25–30 weeks | 0.57 (0.12, 2.64) | 0.469 | 0.60 (0.12, 2.90) | 0.521 |
Age | ||||
Under 18 years | [Reference] | – | [Reference] | – |
18–20 years | 2.98 (0.86, 10.3) | 0.084 | 3.77 (1.03, 13.8) | 0.045 |
21–24 years | 1.38 (0.32, 5.83) | 0.665 | 2.14 (0.43, 10.6) | 0.351 |
25 years + | 1.75 (0.36, 8.41) | 0.484 | 2.54 (0.45, 14.3) | 0.290 |
Education level | ||||
1-none | [Reference] | – | [Reference] | – |
2-basic | 0.92 (0.43, 1.96) | 0.833 | 0.96 (0.41, 2.22) | 0.924 |
3-secondary | 0.27 (0.06, 1.23) | 0.092 | 0.27 (0.05, 1.32) | 0.106 |
4-tertiary | 1.36 (0.17, 11.2) | 0.774 | 3.73 (0.35, 40.2) | 0.277 |
Season enrolled | ||||
Early wet (6–8) | [Reference] | – | [Reference] | – |
Late wet(9–11) | 5.59 (2.10, 14.9) | 0.001 | 7.10 (2.56, 19.7) | <0.001 |
Early dry (12–2) | 2.84 (0.97, 8.27) | 0.056 | 2.54 (0.84, 7.67) | 0.098 |
Late dry(3–5) | 1.76 (0.66, 4.69) | 0.260 | 1.85 (0.68, 5.04) | 0.228 |
SES | ||||
1-wealthiest | [Reference] | – | [Reference] | – |
2-wealthy | 2.14 (0.85, 5.34) | 0.105 | 1.82 (0.68, 4.83) | 0.230 |
3-medium | 1.07 (0.21, 5.33) | 0.935 | 0.96 (0.18, 5.02) | 0.963 |
4-poor | 6.30 (1.83, 21.7) | 0.004 | 6.48 (1.68, 25.0) | 0.007 |
5-poorest | 5.89 (1.35, 25.7) | 0.018 | 6.55 (1.27, 33.7) | 0.024 |