Characterizing microscopic and submicroscopic malaria parasitaemia at three sites with varied transmission intensity in Uganda

Table 5 Associations between parasitaemia status and mean haemoglobin, stratified by age and study site

Parasitemia status	Walukuba			Kihihi			Nagongera
Parasitemia status	Haemoglobin mean (SD)	Relative change (95 % CI)	p value	Haemoglobin mean (SD)	Relative change (95 % CI)	p value	Haemoglobin mean (SD)	Relative change(95 % CI)	p value
Children
No detectable parasitaemia	12.0 (1.4)	Reference group		12.7 (1.5)	Reference group		11.9 (1.4)	Reference group
Sub-microscopic parasitaemia	11.4 (1.7)	0.96 (0.94–0.97)	<0.001	12.0 (1.6)	0.94 (0.93–0.95)	<0.001	11.6 (1.5)	0.97 (0.96–0.98)	<0.001
Microscopic parasitaemia	10.9 (1.7)	0.91 (0.89–0.93)	<0.001	11.6 (1.6)	0.91 (0.90–0.93)	<0.001	11.4 (1.5)	0.95 (0.93–0.96)	<0.001
Adults
No detectable parasitaemia	13.3 (1.6)	Reference group		13.6 (1.8)	Reference group		13.3 (1.6)	Reference group
Sub-microscopic parasitaemia	13.0 (1.8)	0.98 (0.97–1.00)	0.13	12.8 (1.6)	0.95 (0.93–0.98)	<0.001	13.2 (1.7)	0.99 (0.98–1.01)	0.20
Microscopic parasitaemia	12.9 (1.8)	0.95 (0.91–0.99)	0.008	12.4 (2.2)	0.93 (0.88–0.98)	0.01	13.5 (1.6)	0.99 (0.96–1.02)	0.46

Relative change is adjusted for age and repeated measures in the same study participant

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