Table 1 Key secondary data sources and measures
Data | Link to causal pathway (Fig. 1) | Source | Level of data aggregation | Year and frequency of source | Definition of variables in model from data source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ownership of ITN and/or receipt of IRS | Primary treatment variable | MIS | Household | 2006, 2008, and 2010 | Per cent of households by district that own at least one ITN/LLIN and/or received IRS in previous 12Â months |
Use of ITNs/LLINs | Intermediate treatment variable | MIS | Household | 2006, 2008, and 2010 | Per cent of household members by district who slept under an ITN/LLIN previous night |
Use of ITNs/LLINs and/or receipt of IRS | Intermediate treatment variable | MIS | Household | 2006, 2008, and 2010 | Constructed variable combining ‘use of ITNs/LLINs’ with ‘receipt of IRS’ (since the variable may exceed 100%, the authors capped the variable at 100% in the main analysis but tested other definitions in robustness checks. Note that unlike the Ownership variable, the authors cannot control for overlap between households that use ITNs and are in sprayed dwellings) Per cent of household members by district who slept under an ITN/LLIN previous night and/or received IRS in the previous 12 months |
Economic outcomes | Outcome | LCMS | Household | December 2006, February 2010 | Household monthly food expenditure Total household monthly expenditure Per cent of school-age children currently in school Years of education attained among school-aged individuals or older Household’s annual production of maize, nuts, potatoes, and cassava |
District-level characteristics | Control variables | LCMS | Household | December 2006 February 2010 | Average number of children 18 years or younger in the household Average number of children 5 years or younger in the household Average household size Per cent of workers and those looking for work by business type Per cent of household heads who have completed at least primary education Per cent of households with female household head Per cent of households in rural areas Household monthly food expenditure Total household monthly expenditure Per cent of school-age children currently in school Years of education among school-aged individuals or older Household’s annual production of maize, nuts, potatoes, and cassava |
MIS | Household | 2006, 2008, and 2010 | Prevalence of malaria parasite infection among children 5Â years and under | ||
HMIS | District | Quarterly data for 2005–2008; monthly data 2009–2010 Data come for all hospitals, health centres, and health posts | Total number of outpatient malaria cases (confirmed and clinical) for children and adults by district | ||
NASA SRTM | GIS 90Â m | 2008 | Elevation by district (mean, median, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation) | ||
CGIAR-CSI [36] | GIS 0.25° | Annual per agricultural season | Rainfall inches per growing season (October of prior year to September of current year) |