Fig. 5

Overview of estimated metabolic fluxes at 0 h in red blood cells (RBC) maintained under pure Roswell Park Memorial Institute culture medium. A Model-predicted RBC fluxes at 0 h have been overlaid on a drawing of the RBC metabolic network [21] using the Escher web tool [22]. The shaded boxes highlight glycolysis, bicarbonate buffering, nucleotide metabolism, and glutathione synthesis in the RBC. B Detailed view of RBC enzyme fluxes at 0 h converting glucose into lactate. The shaded boxes highlight the pentose phosphate pathway and remnant reactions of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. The orange circles denote metabolites, and thick/thin lines represent enzymes. The line thickness is proportional to the magnitude of enzymatic flux. DPGM, diphosphoglyceromutase; DGPase, diphosphoglycerate phosphatase; ENO, enolase; FBA, fructose bisphosphate aldolase; GAPD, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; gDW, gram dry weight of RBC; glc-D(e), medium d-glucose; GLCt1r, glucose transporter; HEX1, hexokinase; lac-L(e), medium l-lactate; LACt2r, l-lactate reversible transport via proton symport; LDH, l-lactate dehydrogenase; PFK, phosphofructokinase; PGI, glucose 6-phosphate isomerase; PGK, phosphoglycerate kinase; PGM, phosphoglycerate mutase; PYK, pyruvate kinase; TCA, tricarboxylic acid; TPI, triose-phosphate isomerase