Table 5 Observed EPR resonance signals and their assignments for healthy and Plasmodium infected human whole blood, at 78 K, X-band

Healthy

g = 6.50, 5.80, g = 1.98

High-spin ferrihaem centers, 3d⁵

signal from blood

[53, 54, 56, 57]

Healthy

g = 4.38, 4.25, 4.09 (4.10)

High-spin ferric centers non-haem proteins (e.g. transferrin)

signal from plasma

[54, 55, 59]

P. falciparum

g = 4.36, 4.25, 4.11;

P. vivax

g = 4.38, 4.29, 4.10

Healthy

g = 2.89, 2.44;

High-spin ferric centers non-haem proteins (e.g. polynuclear ferric aggregates, ferritin)

signal from plasma?

[60]

P. falciparum

g = 2.78, 2.48;

P. vivax

g = 2.88, 2.61, 2.49, 2.42

healthy

g_⊥ hidden (≈2.20), g = 1.92

Low spin ferrihaem centers; axial type III, 3(d_xz,d_yz)⁴(d_xy)¹ ground state (eg. bis-histydyl binding to haem)

signal from blood

[59, 61]

Healthy

P. falciparum P. vivax

g_⊥ = 2.05, g hidden (≈ 2.18)

Type 2 Cu²⁺

signal from plasma

[62]

healthy

g = 2.01;

Peroxyl radical;

signal from blood

[63, 65, 66]

[67,68,69]

P. falciparum

g = 2.002;

Tyrosyl radical

signal from blood

P. vivax

g = 2.002