Assessment of genetic polymorphisms associated with malaria antifolate resistance among the population of Libreville, Gabon

Table 3 Short literature review of the distribution of the combined dhfr/dhps mutations in P. falciparum in the population of Gabon after introducing ACT

Year of collection	Quadruple^a (%)	Quintuple^b (%)	Sites of collection	References
2000	64.3	1.23	Bakoumba	[18]
2005	34.5	0	Oyem	[45]
2005	69.8	17.9	Libreville	[37]
2005–2006	53	22	Libreville	[6]
2005–2007	59	8	Lambaréné	[17]
2008	64.8	0	Oyem	[45]
2011	100	0	Franceville	[18]
2011	79.7	75.6	Libreville	[37]
2013	100	0	Franceville	[18]
2013	83.3	0	Lastrouville	[18]
2013	73.3	0	Koulamoutou	[18]
2014	88.9	0	Franceville	[18]
2014	100	0	Lastrouville	[18]
2014	91.7	0	Koulamoutou	[18]
2016	93.1	62.8	Fougamou	[47]
2019	69.84	7.94	Libreville	Present data

^a Quadruple mutation with IRN-G as the major haplotype,^bquintuple mutation including IRN-AG and others haplotypes

ISSN: 1475-2875