Fig. 4
From: Pharmacokinetics of ivermectin metabolites and their activity against Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes
Anopheles stephensi survival probability after imbibing blood meals containing ivermectin and ivermectin metabolites. Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were given a blood meal that contained ivermectin (IVM) or its metabolites (M1–M9) levels corresponding to those interpolated from the IVM pharmacokinetic curve. The mosquitoes’ survival was monitored at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h post feeding. Ivermectin (H2B1a) metabolites: M1: Desmethyl-H2B1a, M2: Hydroxy-H2B1a, M3: Hydroxy-H2B1a, M4: Desmethyl, hydroxy-H2B1a, M5: Hydroxy-H2B1a monosaccharide, M6: Desmethyl, hydroxy-H2B1a, M7: Hydroxy-H2B1a monosaccharide, M8: Dihydroxy-H2B1a, M9: Hydroxy-H2B1a. Mosquitoes that exhibited significantly reduced survival (Log rank test) compared to control (blood meal contained only dimethyl sulfoxide) have a p-value < 0.0001