Table 3 The number of infections and prevalence (%) of Pfmdr1 184 alleles (wild = Y, mutant = F or mixed = Y/F) by period in asymptomatic carriers and clinical cases

Asymptomatic carriers

 2005 (before ACT) (N = 42)

1 (2)

3 (7)

38 (90)

 2007 (ACT implementation) (N = 63)

0 (0)

50 (79)

13 (21)

 2008–2009 (ITNs scale up) (N = 16)

15 (94)

0 (0)

1 (6)

 2010–2011 and 2013–2014 (malaria upsurges) (N = 28)

2 (7)

6 (21)

20 (71)

Symptomatic (clinical cases)

 2005 (before ACT) (N = 51)

5 (10)

18 (35)

28 (55)

 2007 (ACT implementation) (N = 74)

0 (0)

8 (11)

66 (89)

 2008–2009 (ITNs scale up) (N = 67)

57 (85)

0 (0)

10 (15)

 2010–2011 and 2013–2014 (malaria upsurges) (N = 145)

26 (18)

2 (1)

117 (81)

All

 2005 (before ACT) (N = 93)

6 (6)

21 (23)

66 (71)

 2007 (ACT implementation) (N = 137)

0 (0)

58 (48)

79 (52)

 2008–2009 (ITNs scale up) (N = 83)

72 (87)

0 (0)

11 (13)

 2010–2011 and 2013–2014 (malaria upsurges) (N = 173)

28 (16)

8 (5)

137 (79)