Table 3 Predictors of malaria risk obtained from multivariate mixed-effects logistic regression analysis by microscopy in Arjo area, Southwest Ethiopia: March 2019 and October 2019

Fixed effect

AOR,95%CI

AOR,95%CI

AOR,95%CI

Sex

 Male

1.00 [0.63,1.59]

1.05 [0.65,1.68]

 Female

Ref.

Ref.

Age groups(in years)

 < 5

1.03 [0.52,2.07]

0.81 [0.39,1.68]

 5–15

0.93 [0.51,1.70]

0.77 [0.41,1.44]

 > 15

Ref

Ref

Duration of stay in the area

 3 years

Ref.

Ref.

 1–3 years

0.84 [0.35,2.01]

0.98 [0.39,2.48]

 7–12 months

2.11 [0.81,5.45]

2.17 [0.80,5.87]

  < 6 months

0.93 [0.33,2.61]

1.81 [0.58,5.67]

ITN utilization

 Every night

Ref.

Ref.

 Sometimes

0.24 [0.08,0.75]**

1.42 [0.39,5.11]

 Never

1.67 [0.99,2.81]

5.09 [2.33,11.12]***

Irrigation status

 Non-irrigated

Ref

Ref

 Irrigated

0.92 [0.53,1.59]

1.04 [0.59,1.83]

Season

 Dry

Ref.

Ref.

 Wet

17.24 [6.60,45.00]***

21.06 [7.94,55.84]***

Family size

  < 5

Ref.

Ref.

  > 5

1.26 [0.70,2.26]

1.32 [0.73,2.41]

Number of ITN per household

 ≥ Three

Ref.

Ref.

 Two

0.82 [0.38,1.77]

0.69 0.31,1.51]

 One

0.69 [0.29,1.65]

0.59 [0.24,1.42]

 Not available

2.90 [1.28,6.60]**

0.70 [0.26,1.90]